Magnetic effects of electric current
Brief summary:
Magnetic Effect of Electric Current
Properties of magnet:
A free suspended magnet always point towards north and south direction.
The pole of a magnet which points toward north direction is named North Pole or north seeking.
The pole of a magnet which points toward south direction is named South Pole or south seeking.
Like poles of magnets repel each other while unlike poles of magnets attract each other.
Similar to other effects; current also produces magnetic effect. The magnetic effect of electrical current is understood as electromagnetic effect.
It is observed that when a compass is brought near a current carrying conductor the needle of compass gets deflected due to flow of electricity. This shows that electric current produces a magnetic effect.
The imaginary lines of magnetic flux around a magnet are called line of force or line of force of magnet. When iron fillings are allowed to settle around a magnet , they get arranged during a pattern which mimicks the magnetic flux lines. Field line of a magnet also can be detected employing a compass. Magnetic field is a vector quantity, i.e. it has both direction and magnitude.
Direction of Field Line: Outside the magnet, the direction of magnetic field line is taken from north pole to South Pole. Inside the magnet, the direction of magnetic flux line is taken from South Pole to North Pole .
Strength of magnetic flux : The closeness of field lines shows the relative strength of magnetic field, i.e. closer lines show stronger magnetic field and vice-versa. Crowded field lines near the poles of magnet show more strength.
Magnetic field Due to a Current Carrying Conductor:
Magnetic field due to current through a straight conductor:
A current carrying straight conductor has magnetic flux within the sort of concentric circles; around it. Magnetic field of current carrying straight conductor are often shown by magnetic flux lines.
The direction of magnetic flux through a current carrying conductor depends upon the direction of flow of electrical current. The direction of magnetic field gets reversed in case of a change in the direction of electric current.
Let a current carrying conductor be suspended vertically and therefore the current is flowing from south to north. In this case, the direction of magnetic flux are going to be anticlockwise. If the present is flowing from north to south, the direction of magnetic flux are going to be clockwise.
The direction of magnetic field; in relation to direction of electric current through a straight conductor can be depicted by using the Right Hand Thumb Rule. It is also known as Maxwell’s Corkscrew Rule.
If a current carrying conductor is held by right hand; keeping the thumb straight and if the direction of electrical current is within the direction of thumb, then the direction of wrapping of other fingers will show the direction of magnetic flux .
As per Maxwell’s corkscrew rule, if the direction of forward movement of screw shows the direction of current, then the direction of rotation of screw shows the direction of magnetic flux .
Properties of Magnetic Field:
The magnitude; of magnetic field increases with increase in electric current and decreases with decrease in electric current.
The magnitude of magnetic field; produced by electric current; decreases with increase in distance and vice-versa. The size of concentric circles of magnetic flux lines increases with distance from the conductor, which shows that magnetic flux decreases with distance.
Magnetic field lines are always parallel to every other.
No two field lines cross each other.
Properties of magnet:
A free suspended magnet always point towards north and south direction.
The pole of a magnet which points toward north direction is named North Pole or north seeking.
The pole of a magnet which points toward south direction is named South Pole or south seeking.
Like poles of magnets repel each other while unlike poles of magnets attract each other.
Similar to other effects; current also produces magnetic effect. The magnetic effect of electrical current is understood as electromagnetic effect.
It is observed that when a compass is brought near a current carrying conductor the needle of compass gets deflected due to flow of electricity. This shows that electric current produces a magnetic effect.
The imaginary lines of magnetic flux around a magnet are called line of force or line of force of magnet. When iron fillings are allowed to settle around a magnet , they get arranged during a pattern which mimicks the magnetic flux lines. Field line of a magnet also can be detected employing a compass. Magnetic field is a vector quantity, i.e. it has both direction and magnitude.
Direction of Field Line: Outside the magnet, the direction of magnetic field line is taken from north pole to South Pole. Inside the magnet, the direction of magnetic flux line is taken from South Pole to North Pole .
Strength of magnetic flux : The closeness of field lines shows the relative strength of magnetic field, i.e. closer lines show stronger magnetic field and vice-versa. Crowded field lines near the poles of magnet show more strength.
Magnetic field Due to a Current Carrying Conductor:
Magnetic field due to current through a straight conductor:
A current carrying straight conductor has magnetic flux within the sort of concentric circles; around it. Magnetic field of current carrying straight conductor are often shown by magnetic flux lines.
The direction of magnetic flux through a current carrying conductor depends upon the direction of flow of electrical current. The direction of magnetic field gets reversed in case of a change in the direction of electric current.
Let a current carrying conductor be suspended vertically and therefore the current is flowing from south to north. In this case, the direction of magnetic flux are going to be anticlockwise. If the present is flowing from north to south, the direction of magnetic flux are going to be clockwise.
The direction of magnetic field; in relation to direction of electric current through a straight conductor can be depicted by using the Right Hand Thumb Rule. It is also known as Maxwell’s Corkscrew Rule.
If a current carrying conductor is held by right hand; keeping the thumb straight and if the direction of electrical current is within the direction of thumb, then the direction of wrapping of other fingers will show the direction of magnetic flux .
As per Maxwell’s corkscrew rule, if the direction of forward movement of screw shows the direction of current, then the direction of rotation of screw shows the direction of magnetic flux .
Properties of Magnetic Field:
The magnitude; of magnetic field increases with increase in electric current and decreases with decrease in electric current.
The magnitude of magnetic field; produced by electric current; decreases with increase in distance and vice-versa. The size of concentric circles of magnetic flux lines increases with distance from the conductor, which shows that magnetic flux decreases with distance.
Magnetic field lines are always parallel to every other.
No two field lines cross each other.
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