COMMUNICATION SYSTEM
Brief summary:
The communication system may be a system which describes the knowledge exchange between two points. the method of transmission and reception of data is named communication. the main elements of communication are the Transmitter of data , Channel or medium of communication and therefore the Receiver of data .
Types Of Communication Systems
Depending on Signal specification or technology, the communication system is assessed as follows:
(1) Analog
Analog technology communicates data as electronic signals of varying frequency or amplitude. Broadcast and telephone transmission are common samples of Analog technology.
(2) Digital
In digital technology, the info are generated and processed in two states: High (represented as 1) and Low (represented as 0). Digital technology stores and transmits data within the sort of 1s and 0s.
Depending on the channel , the communication system is categorized as follows:
1. Wired (Line communication)
Parallel wire communication
Twisted wire communication
Coaxial cable communication
Optical fibre communication
2. Wireless (Space communication)
Ground wave communication
Skywave communication
Space wave communication
Satellite communication
Examples Of Communication Systems
The following are a couple of samples of communication systems:
1. Internet
2. Public Switched Telephone network
3. Intranet and Extranet
4. Television
Elements Of Communication Systems
The definitions of the terms utilized in the communication system are discussed below.
Information
Message or information is that the entity that's to be transmitted. It are often within the sort of audio, video, temperature, picture, pressure, etc.
Signal
The single-valued function of your time that carries the knowledge . the knowledge is converted into an electrical form for transmission.
Transducer
A device or an appointment that converts one sort of energy to the opposite . An electrical transducer converts physical variables like pressure, force, temperature into corresponding electrical signal variations. Example: Microphone – converts audio signals into electrical signals. Photodetector – converts light signals into electrical signals.
Amplifier
The electronic circuit or device that increases the amplitude or the strength of the transmitted signal is named an amplifier. When the signal strength becomes but the specified value, amplification are often done anywhere in between transmitter and receiver. A DC power source will provide for the amplification.
Modulator
As the original message signal can't be transmitted over an outsized distance due to their low frequency and amplitude, they're superimposed with high frequency and amplitude wave called carrier . This phenomenon of superimposing of message signal with a carrier is named modulation. and therefore the resultant wave may be a modulated wave which is to be transmitted.
Again there are differing types of Modulation.
i. AM (AM)
The process of adjusting the amplitude of the signal wave by impressing or superimposing it on a high-frequency carrier , keeping its frequency constant is named AM .
ii. FM (FM)
Frequency modulation may be a technique during which the frequency of the message signal is varied by modulating with a carrier . it's better than deficient than AM because it eliminates noise from various sources.
iii. PM (PM)
The phase of the carrier changes the phase of the signal wave. The phase shift after modulation depends on the frequency of the carrier also . Phase modulated waves are resistant to noise to a greater extent.
Transmitter
It is the arrangement that processes the message signal into an appropriate form for transmission and subsequently reception.
Antenna
An Antenna may be a structure or a tool that's radiate and receive electromagnetic waves. So, they're utilized in both transmitters and receivers. An antenna is essentially a metallic object, often a set of wires. The electromagnetic waves are polarised consistent with the position of the antenna.
Channel
A channel refers to a physical medium like wire, cables, space through which the signal is passed from transmitter to the receiver. There are many channel impairments that affect the channel performance to a pronounced level. Noise, Attenuation and distortion to say the main impairments.
Noise
Noise is one among the channel imperfection or impairment within the received signal at the destination. There are external and internal sources that cause noise. External sources include interference, i.e. interference from nearby transmitted signals (cross talk), interference generated by natural source like lightning, solar or radiation , from automobile generated radiation, etc. The external noise are often minimised and eliminated by appropriate design of the channel, shielding of cables. Also by digital transmission external noise are often much minimised.
Internal sources include noise thanks to random motion and collision of electrons within the conductors, thermal noise thanks to diffusion and recombination of charge carriers in other electronic devices. Internal noise are often minimised by cooling and using digital technology for transmission.
⎫ a special cable design.
⎫ Proper design of the channel.
⎫ Use digital transmission
⎫ Using BPF or LPF at the receiver side.
Types Of Communication Systems
Depending on Signal specification or technology, the communication system is assessed as follows:
(1) Analog
Analog technology communicates data as electronic signals of varying frequency or amplitude. Broadcast and telephone transmission are common samples of Analog technology.
(2) Digital
In digital technology, the info are generated and processed in two states: High (represented as 1) and Low (represented as 0). Digital technology stores and transmits data within the sort of 1s and 0s.
Depending on the channel , the communication system is categorized as follows:
1. Wired (Line communication)
Parallel wire communication
Twisted wire communication
Coaxial cable communication
Optical fibre communication
2. Wireless (Space communication)
Ground wave communication
Skywave communication
Space wave communication
Satellite communication
Examples Of Communication Systems
The following are a couple of samples of communication systems:
1. Internet
2. Public Switched Telephone network
3. Intranet and Extranet
4. Television
Elements Of Communication Systems
The definitions of the terms utilized in the communication system are discussed below.
Information
Message or information is that the entity that's to be transmitted. It are often within the sort of audio, video, temperature, picture, pressure, etc.
Signal
The single-valued function of your time that carries the knowledge . the knowledge is converted into an electrical form for transmission.
Transducer
A device or an appointment that converts one sort of energy to the opposite . An electrical transducer converts physical variables like pressure, force, temperature into corresponding electrical signal variations. Example: Microphone – converts audio signals into electrical signals. Photodetector – converts light signals into electrical signals.
Amplifier
The electronic circuit or device that increases the amplitude or the strength of the transmitted signal is named an amplifier. When the signal strength becomes but the specified value, amplification are often done anywhere in between transmitter and receiver. A DC power source will provide for the amplification.
Modulator
As the original message signal can't be transmitted over an outsized distance due to their low frequency and amplitude, they're superimposed with high frequency and amplitude wave called carrier . This phenomenon of superimposing of message signal with a carrier is named modulation. and therefore the resultant wave may be a modulated wave which is to be transmitted.
Again there are differing types of Modulation.
i. AM (AM)
The process of adjusting the amplitude of the signal wave by impressing or superimposing it on a high-frequency carrier , keeping its frequency constant is named AM .
ii. FM (FM)
Frequency modulation may be a technique during which the frequency of the message signal is varied by modulating with a carrier . it's better than deficient than AM because it eliminates noise from various sources.
iii. PM (PM)
The phase of the carrier changes the phase of the signal wave. The phase shift after modulation depends on the frequency of the carrier also . Phase modulated waves are resistant to noise to a greater extent.
Transmitter
It is the arrangement that processes the message signal into an appropriate form for transmission and subsequently reception.
Antenna
An Antenna may be a structure or a tool that's radiate and receive electromagnetic waves. So, they're utilized in both transmitters and receivers. An antenna is essentially a metallic object, often a set of wires. The electromagnetic waves are polarised consistent with the position of the antenna.
Channel
A channel refers to a physical medium like wire, cables, space through which the signal is passed from transmitter to the receiver. There are many channel impairments that affect the channel performance to a pronounced level. Noise, Attenuation and distortion to say the main impairments.
Noise
Noise is one among the channel imperfection or impairment within the received signal at the destination. There are external and internal sources that cause noise. External sources include interference, i.e. interference from nearby transmitted signals (cross talk), interference generated by natural source like lightning, solar or radiation , from automobile generated radiation, etc. The external noise are often minimised and eliminated by appropriate design of the channel, shielding of cables. Also by digital transmission external noise are often much minimised.
Internal sources include noise thanks to random motion and collision of electrons within the conductors, thermal noise thanks to diffusion and recombination of charge carriers in other electronic devices. Internal noise are often minimised by cooling and using digital technology for transmission.
⎫ a special cable design.
⎫ Proper design of the channel.
⎫ Use digital transmission
⎫ Using BPF or LPF at the receiver side.
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